The COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF SINGLE TASK AND DUAL TASK ON GAIT, BALANCE, AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN GERIATRIC POPULATION

Abstract

The aging trajectory frequently incurs a decline in gait, balance, and Quality of Life (QoL). While dual-task interventions have shown promise, comparative studies between single and dual-task training are limited. However, research comparing the effects of single task versus dual-task remains scant.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of single and dual-task training on gait, balance, and QoL in the geriatric population.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, 66 geriatrics with mild cognitive and balance impairments were assigned to 12-week single or dual-task training, followed by a six-month follow-up. The primary outcomes encompassed gait speed, balance (Timed Up and Go [TUG] Test), and QoL (standardized questionnaire).

RESULTS: Participants (mean age: ~51 years; weight: ~86.9 kg) were equally distributed in both groups with a balanced gender representation. The dual-task group exhibited substantial advancements in Physical Health, with a median score of 74 (IQR: 72-75), surpassing the single-task group (median: 66, IQR: 63.5-67), p<0.001. Moreover, the TUG Test highlighted improved mobility in the dual-task group, registering a median duration of 11 seconds (IQR: 10-12) versus 17 seconds in the single-task group (IQR: 16-18), p<0.001.

CONCLUSION: The findings of this study support the superiority of dual-task training over single-task training in improving gait, balance, and QoL among the geriatric population. The integration of cognitive tasks into balance and gait exercises may offer significant advantages, potentially contributing to fall prevention strategies and fostering an enhanced sense of well-being in older individuals.

KEYWORDS: Geriatrics, Dual-task, Single-task, Gait, Balance, Quality of Life, Randomized Controlled Trial.